Textile carrier and method of making same



Dec. 6, 1966 J. R. SPENCER TEXTILE CARRIER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed March 4, 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

JAMES E. SPENCER ATTORNEY Dec. 6, 1966 J. R. SPENCER TEXTILE CARRIER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 4, 1964 INVENTORI JAMES R. SPENCER ATTORNEY Dec. 6, 1966 J. R. SPENCER TEXTILE CARRIER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed March 4, 1964 I} Sheets-Sheet 3 2e 15 X k b lba fi E 17 (M2 1); INVENTOR:

AMES E. SPENCER ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofifice 7 3,289,973 Patented Dec. 6, 1966 3,289,973 TEXTILE CARRIER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME James R. Spencer, Romiley, England, assignor to Sonoco Products Company, Hartsville, S.C., a corporation of South Carolina, and T.P.T. Limited, Oakwood Mills,

Romiley, near Stockport, England Filed Mar. 4, 1964, Ser. No. 349,229 19 Claims. (Cl. 242-11852) This invention relates to textile carriers and more particularly to a tube or bobbin for the winding of filamentary material such as textile yarns and the like.

In the manufacture of thread-like or filamentary textile material such as yarn particularly yarn formed from synthetic or man-made fibers such as nylon, a common type of carrier on which such yarn is wound is in the form of a tubular bobbin comprising a metal tube or barrel on the outer surface of which is positioned a plastic tube or sleeve which forms a winding surface for the yarn. In present day practice, this plastic tube or sleeve is of the slip sleeve type so that it can be easily slipped onto the metal barrel and retained by suitable means to permit customer return and reuse of the relatively costly metal barrel by replacement of the plastic sleeve.

The plastic sleeve may be formed of any suitable plastic material and a styrene acrylonitrile copolymer marketed under the trademark Kralastic has been found to give satisfactory results. This plastic sleeve which provides a chemically inert surface for the yarn wound thereon so as to avoid yarn staining, presents a smooth surface so that yarn snagging upon unwinding is avoided and also serves to protect the surface of the underlying metal barrel from damage. In addition, the surface of this plastic sleeve may be easily and inexpensively roughened such as by forming in the sleeve winding surface extremely fine grooves generally referred to as micro-grooves to provide a slip resistant yarn surface which serves to prevent sloughing of the yarn wound on the bobbin.

While such a metal barrel-plastic slip sleeve bobbin gives satisfactory results for use in the winding of textile material such as yarn particularly because of its rugged construction and the excellent winding surface provided by the plastic sleeve, it does have certain disadvantages. As a result of the necessary variations in diameters of the barrel and sleeve and deviation from straightness occurring in modern day production practices, it has been difficult to provide such bobbins in which the sleeve is both readily replaceable and at the same time held securely in position on the barrel.

Of even greater significance is the cost and weight of the metal barrel.- Although the plastic sleeve is relatively inexpensive, the high cost of the metal barrel means a substantial capital investment for .a yarnmanufacturer using such bobbins. As can be understood, even a small textile mill would be required to stock many thousands of such metal barrels necessitating a financially burdensome cash outlay. Furthermore, as a result of the high cost of such metal barrels, they must be returned by the customer and the delay involved in making such returns requires an even larger capital investment due to the substantial number of such bobbins or barrels which are tied up in customers mills or in shipment between the yarn manufacturer and the customers mill.

In addition, the weight of such metal barrels is substantial adding to the transportation costs both in shipment of packaged yarn to the customer as well as the shipment of the bobbins or barrels returned by the customer. Such transportation costs may not be too burdensome where customers mills are close to the yarn manufacturer; but in many cases, these distances are large imposing excessive transportation costs which are quite objectionable. Furthermore, the exporting of yarn on such bobbins is accompanied by greatly increased transportation costs as a result of the barrel weight which costs, in most cases, are prohibitive. In addition, it is not uncommon for such bobbins or barrels to be lost in return transit considering the many hazards involved in export shipping.

In order to eliminate some of the problems referred to above with the use of such plastic slip sleeve-metal barrel bobbins, efforts have been made in the past to find a substitute bobbin utilizing inexpensive, lightweight materials and/ or other bobbin constructions which incorporate the highly desirable, relatively thin plastic sleeve for a winding surface. These efforts have all met with no success due primarily to the many difiiculties in fitting and retaining a thin plastic sleeve on a. supporting tube.

Accordingly, a primary object of this invention is to provide a new and novel textile carrier for the winding of filamentary material such as yarn and the like.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and novel non-returnable textile carrier or bobbin for the winding of yarn and the like having a thin outer sleeve of inexpensive plastic material which provides a winding surface which is non-snagging and non-staining to the wound yarn and which sleeve is fully supported by a lightweight support tube or barrel of inexpensive material.

A further object of this invention is to provide a new and novel non-returnable textile carrier or bobbin for the winding of yarn and the like having a plastic sleeve fully supported on a paper tube wherein the plastic sleeve is fixed to the paper tube without the need of adhesives or the like without risk of relative movement between the plastic sleeve and paper tube, which permits the use of a plastic sleeve wall thickness not heretofore obtainable in such bobbins and which avoids the need for replacement of the plastic sleeve.

This invention further contemplates the provision of a non-returnable textile carrier or bobbin for the winding of yarn and the like which comprises a plastic sleeve easily fabricated from a small amount of low cost plastic material, which has a plastic sleeve supported in a simple and easy manner on a conventionally wound paper tube, which is simple and rugged in construction, which is lightweight and of low cost so as tominimize transportation costs and promote the exporting of yarn Wound thereon and which is a suitable replacement in many applications for the metal barrel-plastic slip sleeve type bobbins in use today.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a new and novel method of making a textile carrier for the winding of filamentary material such as yarn and the like.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new and novel method for making a non-returnable textile carrier or bobbin for the Winding of yarn and the like having a plastic sleeve supported on a paper tube in which the plastic sleeve and paper tube are separately fabricated from inexpensive materials using conventional equipment and which sleeve and tube are joined together in a simple and easy manner to provide an inexpensive, lightweight, ruggedly constructed textile bobbin.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a new and novel method of making a non-returnable textile bobbin for the winding of yarn and the like having a plastic sleeve supported on a paper tube which lends itself to high production rates, which utilizes a minimum of steps, and which permits the plastic sleeve to be fixed to the paper tube without the need for adhesives or the like and which provide a bobbin free of risk of relative movement between the plastic sleeve and paper tube.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

jects are accomplished by providing a paper tube prefer-' ably either convolutely or spirally wound. The material of the paper tube is temporarily contracted by means such as drying in an oven or the like to a moisture content substantially below ambient moisture conditions so as to reduce the outer diameter of the tube. A tubular sleeve of plastic material is provided which has an inner diameter slightly exceeding the outer diameter of the dried paper tube and preferably slightly longer than the outer surface of the dried paper tube. The plastic sleeve is positioned in telescoping relationship on the dried paper tube and the annular end edge portions of the plastic sleeve are preferably turned radially inward in overlying relationship with the annular end walls of the paper tube to lock the sleeve on the tube. The paper tube is then permitted to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions so that the paper tube expands with an attendant increase in outer diameter. As a result of this expansion and increase in the tube outer diameter, the outer surface of the paper tube is moved into engagement with the inner surface of the plastic sleeve and maintained in frictional gripping engagement with the plastic sleeve inner surface by the expansion forces developed in the tube thereby preventing relative movement between the paper tube and plastic sleeve.

The novel features which are believed to be characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and method of operation may be best understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of the bobbin of the invention;

FIGURE 2 is a schematic illustration of a device employed in carrying out the novel method of the invention;

FIGURE 3 is a perspective view showing one step of the novel method of the invention;

FIGURE 4 is a perspective view illustrating another step of the novel method of the invention;

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of another step of the novel method of the invention;

FIGURE 7 is a sectional view of the bobbin parts of FIGURE 6 in the assembled condition illustrating another step in the novel method of the invention;

FIGURE 8 is an enlarged view of the portion of FIG- URE 7 within the dotted lines;

FIGURE 9 is a view similar to FIGURE 8 illustrating another step in the novel method of the invention;

FIGURE 10 is a perspective view of a yarn package incorporating the bobbin of the invention;

FIGURE 11 is an enlarged sectional view of an end portion of the bobbin of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 12 is a view similar to FIGURE 11 illustrating a modified bobbin end construction;

FIGURE 13 is a view similar to FIGURE 11 showing a second modification of the bobbin end construction; and

FIGURE 14 is a view similar to FIGURE 11 showing a third modification of the bobbin end construction.

Referring now to the drawings and to FIGURE 1 in particular, there is shown a textile carrier or bobbin constructed in accordance with the invention which is desig nated generally by the letter B. It should be understood that the bobbin B is suitable for use as a carrier or core for a package of any filamentary or thread-like material such as textile yarn or the like. used for the winding of textile material formed from either natural or man-made fibers and the bobbin B is particularly suitable for the winding of yarn composed of synthetic or man-made fibers such as nylon, polyesters, and the like.

As generally illustrative of the textile carrier of the in- The bobbin B may be vention, the bobbin B includes an inner paper tube 11 on the outer surface of which is telescopically ositioned a tube or sleeve 12 of plastic material having annular flanges 13, 14 extending radially inward at each end in overlying relationship with the annular end walls of the paper tube 11. As will be explained hereinafter, the outer surface of the paper tube 11 is maintained frictional gripping engagement with the inner surface of the plastic sleeve 12 whereby the sleeve is fixed securely to the tube.

The paper tube 11 provides a strong, rigid support tube for the relatively thin plastic sleeve 12 and the outer surface 12a of the plastic sleeve 12 presents asmooth snagproof yarn Winding surface which is chemically inert so as to be non-staining to the yarn wound on the bobbin B. Furthermore, the plastic sleeve winding surface 12a may be finished in any suitable maner for yarn retention such as by forming minute, closely spaced grooves or microgrooves (not shown) in the plastic which, as is well known, prevent sloughing of the yarn.

In the novel method for producing the bobbin B of the invention, the paper tube 11 is formed in any suit-able manner such as spirally or convolutely winding paper strips in overlapping relationship with adhesive therebetween. Preferably, as shownin the illustrated embodiment, the paper tube 11 is spirally wound from a plurality of paper strips utilizing conventional spiral tube Winding apparatus to form the spiral tube 11 having an inner wall 16 and an outer wall 17 (FIGURE 3) containing spiral seams 16a, 17a respectively. The paper tube 11 may be support for the plastic sleeve 12. A strong tube 11 is particularly desirable when the bobbin B is to be wound with yarn having a residual shrinkage property such as some of the yarns formed from synthetic fibers. It has been found that a tube wall thickness of approximately 0.20 to 0.40 inch and a tube length of approximately 12 inches give satisfactory results for the winding of many yarns.

In carrying out the novel method of the invention, the material of the paper tube 11 is contracted temporarily so as to reduce the outer diameter of the paper tube. More specifically, the spirally wound paper tube 11, which under normal ambient moisture conditions has a moisture content of approximately 7l0%, is dried by suit-able means such as by placing the tube 11 in a drying oven 18. The paper tube 11 is dried in the oven 18 for a period of time adequate to reduce the moisture content of the tube 11 to a point substantially below its moisture content at normal ambien moisture conditions. This reduction in moisture content may be such so as to reduce the tube to a bone dry condition (approximately 0% moisture) but preferably the moisture is reduced to a level of approximately 2-3%.

As is well known, such a reduction in moisture content is accompanied by a substantial contracting or shrinking of the tube dimensionally so that the outer diameter of the tube undergoes a considerable reduction as well as some shrinkage of the tube in a longitudinal direction. By way of example, a reduction in the moisture content of a paper tube 11 having the approximate wall thickness as referred to above and an outside diameter of 1% to 2 inches from approximately 9% to 2%, a reduction in the outer diameter of the tube of approximately 0.012 to 0.018 inch may be obtained.

While a paper tube 11 of the finished length for use in the bobbin B may be dried in oven 18 as described above, it is preferred for reasons of convenience to provide a length for the paper tube which is a multiple of the finished length of tube 11. This not only permits subsequent processing steps to be carried out simultaneously on a plurality of finished tube lengths but the trimming operation as described hereinafter is simplified. Therefore, the paper tube T as viewed in FIGURE 3, 4 is preferably a multiple of the finished length tube 11 preferably described above and in the reduced moisture content or dried condition may now be trimmed into a plurality of finished length tubes 11. However, while such a step may be omitted if desired, in order to providc for an exact fit between all of the finished tubes 11 and the plastic sleeve 12, the dried paper tube T is preferably subjected to an operation for reducing its wall thickness so as to provide a predetermined outside diameter on the tube T and consequently a predetermined outside diameter on the finished length tubes 11. This reduction in wall thickness may be carried out in any suitable manner such as by compressing the tube T in a die or by grinding the tube T as shown schematically in FIGURE 3.

As an illustration of this wall thickness reduction step, grinding means such as a standing belt 19 arranged on suitably supported driven rollers 21 is employed. The belt 19 advanced by means of the rollers 21 is moved in the direction of the arrows of FIGURE 3 as the tube T is roated with the belt 19 in contact with the tube surface 17 so as to grind the tube outer surface and reduce the outer diameter of the tube to a predetermined size.

Subsequent to the grinding step illustrated in FIGURE 3, the dried tube T is divided into finished length tubes 11 by a trimming operation utilizing trimming knives 22, a cross-section of one of such knives being shown clearly in FIGURE 5. As shown in FIGURE 5, each trimming knife 2 contains a thickened portion 23 having a cutting edge 24 provided with oppositely beveled side edges 24a and 2411.

In carrying out the trimming operation of FIGURE 4 with these trimming knives 22 which are shown mounted on a common shaft 25, the knives are brought into cutting engagement with tube T rotated by suitable means (not shown) to sever the tube T into finished lentgh tubes 11 with scrap rings S at each end of the parent tube T. As previously explained, in the illustrated embodiment three of such tubes 11 are produced from a parent tube T using four knives 22.

As a result of the beveled faces 24a, 24b on the cutting edge 24 of the knives 22, beveled annular end walls 26, 27 are formed on the tube 11 which are connected to the tube outer surface 17 by means of rounded corners 26a, 27a respectively, produced by the cross-sectional shape of the knife cutting edge 24 as shown best in FIGURE 5. Thus, in addition to trimming the tube T into the finished length tubes 11, the knives serve to provide a beveled end wall at each end of the tubes. It should be understood that, if desired, the trimming step may precede the grinding step as, although the advantage of multiple tube grinding is lost, the same finished length tube 11 having a predetermined outer diameter is obtained.

The plastic tube forming the plastic sleeve 12 may be made by any well known plastic tube making process. Preferably, the plastic tube which forms the sleeve 12 is formed by an extrusion operation in a continuous tube making operation and the continuously formed plastic tube is cut by suitable means into suitable lengths to form the plastic sleeves 12.

As a result of the novel construction of the bobbin of the invention, the plastic sleeve wall thickness may be relatively thin so as to conserve material and reduce weight and cost. It has been found that a plastic tube or sleeve 12 having a wall thickness of approximately 0.006 to 0.012 inch produces satisfactory results with the bobbin B of the invention. The plastic tube or sleeve 12 has an inner surface 28 and is formed with a predetermined inner diameter slightly exceeding the outside diameter of the tube 11 in the dried condition and its surfaces 17 ground if the tube grinding step is utilized.

As a result of the paper tube outside diameter being slightly less than the easily controlled plastic sleeve inner diameter, the plastic sleeve 12 .may be slipped easily onto the paper tube 11 as shown in FIGURE 6 and the length of the sleeve 12 is selected so that when centered on the paper tube 11, the sleeve projects slightly outward from each end of the paper tube 11 as shown in FIGURE 7. In the preferred embodiment, the length of the plastic sieeve 12 is approximately of an inch greater than the length of the paper tube 11 so that the plastic sleeve projects approximately of an inch outwardly from the beveled end walls 26, 27 of the paper tube 11. This projection of the plastic sleeve 12 beyond the ends of the paper tube 11 is shown clearly in FIGURE 8.

After the plastic sleeve 12 is positioned on the paper tube 11 as shown in FIGURE 7, a tool or die 29 having an angular face 31 and preferably heated by any suitable means (not shown) is moved against the projecting end edges of the plastic sleeve 12 preferably while the tube and sleeve are rotated in the direction of the arrow I as shown in FIGURE 9. The hot tool 29 turns the projecting plastic sleeve end edges radially inward into overlying relationship with the underlying beveled end walls of the paper tube 11 so as to form the flanges 13, 14 on the plastic sleeve 12. In addition, the heated tool 29 further rounds the paper tube corners 26a, 27a producing smooth rounded corner edges on the bobbin B which together with the beveled end walls 26, 27 permit snag-free yarn takeolf from the bobbin B. As shown best in FIGURE 9, the inner edges of the flanges 13, 14 preferably terminate intermediate the inner and outer edges of the underlying paper tube end walls 26, 27 respectively.

The paper tube 11 is then permitted to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions so that the paper tube expands in the well known manner and the paper tube outer surface 17 is moved into frictional gripping engagement with the plastic sleeve inner surface 28 and maintained in engagement therewith by the expansion forces in the paper tube 11. The paper tube 11 expands not only radially but also slightly in the longitudinal direction so that all of the paper tube surfaces underlying the plastic sleeve 12 including the underlying surfaces of the tube end walls 26, 27 engage the inner surface 28 of the plastic sleeve to securely lock the plastic sleeve to the paper tube and prevent relative movement between the sleeve and the tube.

The finished bobbin B with the smooth plastic winding surface 12a may now be used for the winding of yarn or, if desired, the surface 12a may be provided with micro-grooves as explained above and used in the same manner as a yarn carrier. FIGURE 10 is illustrative of a yarn package utilizing the bobbin B and shows wound filamentary material Y supported in the well known manner on the bobbin B.

The bobbin end construction incorporated in the bobbin B of FIGURE 1 is shown clearly in FIGURE 11 which, as discussed above, is easily adapted to modern production techniques to provide a low cost, throwaway bobbin of new and novel construction. It should be understood that the bobbin of the invention lends itself readily to other end constructions without departing from the spirit of the invention and, if desired, the bobbin B of FIGURE 1 may be constructed with an end construction such as shown in the modifications of FIGURES 12 -14. Furthermore, although it may be more desirable from a production standpoint to provide identical constructions at both ends of the bobbin, it is within the scope of the invention to provide a different construction at each end such as may be accomplished by the use of two of the forms shown in FIGURES 11-14.

In FIGURE 12, wherein like numerals are used to identify like parts and wherein only one end of the bobbin is shown, the tube 11 is formed with an arcuate end wall 41 and the inner wall 16 of the tube 11 is counterbored at 42 as shown. With the use of a suitable heated tool (not shown) as is provided for use in the manufacture of bobbin B in FIGURE 9, the projecting end of the plastic sleeve 12, which has been telescopically positioned on paper tube 11 as previously described, is turned radially inward into overlying relationship with the underlying paper tube end wall 41 to form an arcuate annular end flange 43 having a marginal edge portion 43a.

The flange marginal end portion 43 extends within the interior of the tube 11 in substantially parallel relationship withthe sleeve 12 and is seated within the tube c'oun terbore 42 flush with the tube inner wall 16. Thus, as in the bobbin B of FIGURE 1, expansion of the paper tube 11 resulting from the absorption of moisture by the tube under ambient moisture conditions moves the paper tube outer surface 17 into frictional gripping engagement with the plastic sleeve inner surface 28-. At the same time, a slight longitudinal expansion of the paper tube 11 occurs which moves the paper tube end wall 41 tightly against the plastic sleeve flange 43 to provide two-way locking of the sleeve 12 to the tube 11. I

In the modification of the FIGURE 13, the paper tube 11 is provided Wit-h a concave annular end wall 51. After positioning the plastic sleeve 12 on the paper tube 11 as previously described, the end of the plastic sleeve 12 is curled by suitable means radially inward to form a circular flange 52 having a marginal edge portion 52a in engagement with the concave end wall 51 of the tube as shown. The end construction of FIGURE 13 does not provide the positive end lock as in the previously described embodiments but serves primarly to provide a smooth bobbin edge to facilitate yarn winding and takeoff and to protect the end of the paper tube 11. However, the plastic sleeve 12 is still securely locked to the paper tube 11 in a radial direction by the frictional engagement between the paper tube outer surface 17 and the inner surface 28 of the sleeve 12.

In the embodiment of FIGURE 14, the paper tube 11 is provided with a beveled (preferably 45) annular end wall 61. The plastic sleeve 12 positioned as previously described on the paper tube 11 is then turned by suitable means radially inward as in the embodiment of FIG- URE 12 to form an arcuate end flange 62 in spaced relationship with the tube end wall 61 and with a marginal edge portion 62a in engagement with the tube end wall 61 as shown. Thus, a smooth end edge is provided on .the bobbin of FIGURE 14 as in the previous embodiments.

It can be seen that with the novel bobbin construction and method of the invention, a textile bobbin having a plastic winding surface has been provided which is both unusually strong so as to be suitable for the Winding of fibers possessing residual shrinkage but is formed from light weight, low cost materials using the simple and economical method. of the invention so that the bobbin can be discarded afer a single use. The bobbin of the invention has most if not all of the advantages of the metal barrel-plastic sleeve type of bobbin but none of its disadvantages such as the high cost and heavy weight of the metal barrel. The elimination of the heavy metal barrel brings about a substantial reduction in shipping costs which when such bobbins are shipped over long dis tances can become prohibitive and which are further increased by the necessary return shipment of the metal barrel to the yarn manufacturer. The bobbin of the invention is provided with a highly desirable plastic sleeve winding surface as is the metal barrel-plastic sleeve type bobbin with its non-staining and non-snagging yarn characteristics and its receptivity to micro-grooving and similar yarn retentive surface finishes. At the same time, the novel method of the invention permits the plastic sleeve to be easily positioned on the underlying supporting paper tube and securely held thereon without the need for adhesives or the like and the problem of fitting the plastic sleeve to the supporting tube resulting from production tolerances is avoided. Furthermore, the bobbin construc tion of the invention permits the use of a plastic sleeve having a thinness not possible in present day bobbin construction reducing both bobbin cost and weight; and as the bobbin of the invention is non-returnable, replacement of the plastic sleeve after each use common to the metal barrel-plastic slip sleeve type bobbin is no longer necessary. The use of a paper tube as the supporting tube in the novel bobbin of the invention is accomplished without concern for the constantly occurring dimensional changes in the paper tube under varying ambient moisture conditions due to the novel bobbin construction and the paper tube may be provided with a strength selected from a wide range by a selection of the type of paper employed and the paper tube wall thickness. While, in some cases, a bobbin having no end flange on the plastic sleeve overlying the paper tube end wall may be provided in accordance with the invention such a plastic endflange is preferable. The novel bobbin of the invention and the novel method by which such a bobbin is produced is preferably provided with an end flange of the various constructions described and claimed to provide the advantageous bobbin features discussed above. The large number of textile applications to which the bobbin of the invention may be applied will dictate the type of end construction for the bobbin and, as pointed out above, the end construction at each end of the bobbin may be different if so desired.

While there has been described what at present is considered to be the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention and, therefore, it is the aim of the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A textile carrier comprising, in combination, a paper tube, a tubular sleeve of plastic material telescopically positioned on said paper tube with the inner surface of said plastic sleeve in engagement with the outer surface of said paper tube, said paper tube outer surface being maintained in frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface by a natural expansion of the material of said paper tube to prevent relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve.

2. A textile carrier comprising, in combination, a paper tube, a tubular sleeve of plastic material telescopically positioned on said paper tube with the inner surface of said plastic sleeve in engagement with the outer surface of said paper tube, said paper tube outer surface being maintained in frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface by the expansion of the material of said paper tube resulting from the presence of moisture within said paper tube under ambient moisture conditions to prevent relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve.

3. A textile carrier comprising, in combination, a paper tube having an annular wall at each end, a tubular sleeve of plastic material telescopically positioned on said paper tube with the inner surface of said plastic sleeve in engagement with the outer surface of said paper tube, an inwardly directed annular flange at each end of said plastic sleeve in overlying relationship with said paper tube annular end wall and in engagement therewith, said paper tube outer surface being maintained in frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface by the expansion of the material of said paper tube resulting from the presence of moisture within said paper tube under ambient moisture conditions to prevent relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve.

4. A textile carrier in accordance with claim 3 wherein said annular flange is positioned in overlying spaced relationship with said tube annular end wall, said annular flange having a marginal edge portion in engagement with said tube annular end wall.

5. A textile carrier comprising, in combination, a paper tube having an annular wall at each end, a tubular sleeve of plastic material telescopically positioned on said paper tube with the inner surface of said plastic sleeve in engagement with the outer surface of said paper tube, an inwardly directed annular flange at each end of said plastic sleeve having its inner surface in overlying engagement with the outer surface of the underlying paper tube annular end wall, said paper tube outer surface including said end walls being maintained in frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface including said annular flanges inner surfaces by the expansion of the material of said paper tube resulting from the presence of moisture within said paper tube under ambient moisture conditions to prevent relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve.

6. A textile carrier in accordance with claim 5 wherein said annular end flange extends within the interior of said paper tube in overlying relationship with the inner wall of said paper tube, said annular end flange having a marginal edge portion of substantially parallel relationship with said plastic sleeve and flush with said tube inner wall.

7. A textile carrier in accordance with claim 5 wherein said paper tube annular end walls are beveled to position the outer edges of said end walls inwardly from the ends of said paper tube and said overlying plastic sleeve annular flanges are directed angularly inward radially to permit smooth unwinding of the yarn wound on said carrier.

8. A textile carrier in accordance with claim 7 including smoothly rounded edges on said plastic sleeve and on the underlying portions of said paper tube at the junction of said plastic sleeve flanges with said plastic sleeve to permit smooth unwinding of the yarn wound on said carrier.

97 A textile carrier in accordance with claim 7 wherein the inner edges of said annular flanges terminate intermediate the inner and outer edges of said paper tube annular end walls. 1

10. A textile carrier comprising, in combination, a paper tube having a body wall and an. annular wall at each end, said body wall having a thickness within the range of 0.20 to 0.40 inches, said annular end Walls having a beveled surface and smoothly rounded outer edges positioned inwardly from the ends of said tube, a tubular sleeve of plastic material having a wall thickness within the range of between 0.006 to 0.012 inch telescopically positioned on said paper tube with the inner surface of said plastic sleeve in engagement with the outer surface of said paper tube, an annular flange directed angularly inward radially at each end of said plastic sleeve, each of said annular flanges having an inner surface positioned in overlying engagement with the outer surface of the underlying paper tube annular end wall and having an inner edge terminating intermediate the inner and outer edges of said paper tube annular end walls, said paper tube outer surface including said end walls being maintained in frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface including said annular flanges inner surfaces by the extension of the material of said paper tube resulting from the presence of moisture within said paper tube under ambient moisture conditions to prevent relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve.

1 1. A method of making a textile carrier comprising the steps of, providing a paper tube having an outer surface, contracting the material of said paper tube into an expansible condition whereby the outer diameter of said tube is reduced, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material having an inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said contracted paper tube, positioning said plastic sleeve on said paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, permitting the material of said paper tube to expand and move the outer surface of said paper tube into frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface whereby relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

12. A method of making a textile canrier comprising the steps of, providing a paper tube having an outer surface, reducing the moisture content of the material of said paper tube to a level substantially below the level at normal ambient moisture conditions whereby the outer diameter of said tube is reduced, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material havingan inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said reduced moisture content paper tube, positioning said plastic sleeve on said paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, permitting the material of said paper tube to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions to expand the material of said paper tube and move said tube outer surface into frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface whereby relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

13. A method of making a textile carrier comprising the steps of, providing a paper tube having an outer surface and an annular wall at each end, reducing the moisture content of the material of said paper tube to a level substantially below the level at normal ambient moisture conditions whereby the outer diameter of said tube is reduced, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material having an inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said reduced moisture content paper tube, positioning said plastic sleeve on said paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, turning edge portions at each end of said plastic sleeve radially inward into overlying relationship with said paper tube annular end walls and in engagement therewith to form annular flanges on said plastic sleeve, permitting the material of said paper tube to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions to expand the material of said paper tube and move said papertube outer surface into frictional gripping engagementwith said plastic sleeve inner surface whereby relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

14, A method of maki'ng a textile carrier comprising the steps of, providing a paper tube having an outer surface and an annular wall at each end, reducing the moistune content of the material of said paper tube to a level substantially below the level at normal ambient moisture conditions whereby the outer diameter of said tube is reduced, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material having an inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said reduced moisture content paper tube, positioning said plastic sleeve on said paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, turning edge portions at each end of said plastic sleeve radially inward into overlying relationship with said paper tube annular end walls to form annular flanges having inner surfaces on said plastic sleeve, permitting the material of said paper tube to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions to expand the material of said paper tube and move said paper tube outer surface including said end walls into iirictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface including said end flanges inner surfaces whereby relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

15. A method of making a textile carrier in accordance with claim 14 including the steps of beveling said paper tube annular end walls to move the outer edges of said end walls inwardly from the ends of said paper tube.

16. A method of making a textile carrier comprising the steps of, providing a paper tube having an outer surface and an annular wall at each end, reducing the moisture content of the material of said paper tube to a level substantially below the level at normal ambient moisture conditions whereby the outer diameter of said tube is reduced, reducing the wall thickness of said paper tube to provide a predetermined outer diameter on said tube, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material having an inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said reduced moisture content and reduced wall thickness paper tube, positioning said plastic sleeve on said paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, turning edge portions at each end of said plastic sleeve radially inward into overlying relationship with said paper tube annular end walls to form annular flanges on said plastic sleeve, permitting the material of said paper tube to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions to expand the material of said paper tube and move said paper tube outer surface into frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve inner surface whereby relative movementbetween said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

17. A method of making a textile carrier in accordance ,with claim 16 wherein said tube wall thickness is reduced by grinding the outer surface of said paper tube.

18. A method of making a textile carrier'comprising the steps of, providing a paper tube having an outer surface and an annular wall at each end, beveling said paper tube annular end walls to move the outer edges of said end walls inwardly from the ends of said paper tube, reducing the moisture content of the material of said paper tube to a level substantially below the level at normal ambient moisture conditions whereby the outer diameter of said tube is reduced, grinding the outer surface of said paper tube to reduce the wall thickness of said paper tube and provide a predetermined outer diameter on said tube, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material having an inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said reduced moisture content and re duced wall thickness paper tube, positioning said plastic sleeve on said paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, turning the edge portions at each end of said plastic sleeve radially inward into overlying relationship with the annular end walls of said paper tube to form annular flanges having inner surfaces on said plastic sleeve, permitting the material of said paper tube to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions to expand the material of said paper tube and move said paper tube outer surface including said end walls into frictional gripping engage-- ment with said plastic sleeve inner surface including said end flanges inner surfaces whereby relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

19. A method of making a textile carrier comprising the steps of, providing a parent paper tube having an outer surface, reducing the moisture content of the material of said parent paper tube to a level substantially below the level at normal ambient conditions whereby the outer diameter of said parent paper tube is reduced, grinding the outer surface of said parent paper tube to provide a predetermined outer diameter on said tube, severing said parent paper tube into a plurality of finished length paper tubes with knives having cutting edges V-shaped in crosssection to provide beveled annular end walls on said tubes, providing a tubular sleeve of plastic material having an inner surface and an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of each of said reduced moisture content and reduced wall thickness finished length paper tubes, positioniiig said plastic sleeve on said finished length paper tube in telescoping relationship therewith, turning the edge portions at each end of said plastic sleeve radially inward into overlying relationship with the annular flanges having inner surfaces on said plastic sleeve, permitting the material of said finished length paper tube to absorb moisture under ambient moisture conditions to expand said tube material and move said paper tube outer surface including said end walls into frictional gripping engagement with said plastic sleeve under. surface including said end flanges inner surfaces whereby relative movement between said paper tube and plastic sleeve is prevented.

FRANK J. COHEN, Primary Examiner.

G. F. MAUTZ, Assistant Examiner. 

3. A TEXTILE CARRIER COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION, A PAPER TUBE HAVING AN ANNULAR WALL AT EACH END, A TUBULAR SLEEVE OF PLASTIC MATERIAL TELESCOPICALLY POSITIONED ON SAID PAPER TUBE WITH THE INNER SURFACE OF SAID PLASTIC SLEEVE IN ENGAGEMENT WITH THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID PAPER TUBE, AN INWARDLY DIRECTED ANNULAR FLANGE AT EACH END OF SAID PLASTIC SLEEVE IN OVERLYING RELATIONSHIP WITH SAID PAPER TUBE ANNULAR END WALL AND IN ENGAGEMENT THEREWITH, SAID PAPER TUBE OUTER SURFACE BEING MAINTAINED IN FRICTIONAL GRIPPING ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID PLASTIC SLEEVE INNER SURFACE BY THE EXPANSION OF THE MATERIAL OF SAID PAPER TUBE RESULTING FROM THE PRESENCE OF MOISTURE WITHIN SAID PAPER TUBE UNDER AMBIENT MOISTURE CONDITIONS TO PREVENT RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN SAID PAPER TUBE AND PLASTIC SLEEVE. 